English graduate students typically study topics relating to literature, writing, and language. Graduate studies in English can result in a master’s degree or a Ph.D. Those pursuing a master’s degree generally do so prior to pursuing a Ph.D., but teachers, librarians and editors may also pursue a master’s as a terminal degree in an effort to enhance their knowledge or increase their salary. Many individuals who earn their Ph.D. pursue a career in academia. Graduate school programs in English are diverse, which provides the student with many learning options.
English Graduate Programs and Curriculum
The master’s curriculum in English generally focuses on literary analysis. If you’re interested in a doctoral program but lack a strong resume and experience, a master’s degree may make you a better candidate by increasing your breadth of knowledge. A master’s in English can often qualify individuals to obtain teaching positions at the high school and community college level, students considering a master’s for this reason might also look at a Master of Arts for Teachers. Professional M.A. degrees in specialized areas, such as library science, writing, and publishing, are also available. A master’s in English takes approximately two to three years to complete and usually requires many research papers as well as a final thesis.
Earning a Ph.D. in English takes approximately five to seven years. Graduation requirements vary among school programs, typically Ph.D.’s are awarded upon completion of oral and written exams and a final dissertation based on the student’s particular area of focus. Unlike master’s programs, Ph.D. students are usually encouraged to develop an area of expertise. Some Ph.D. programs may offer their students teaching and research assistantships and fellowships, which can help defray the cost of tuition.
English Career Paths
A graduate degree in English can prepare the student for a variety of careers. Some professions for students who have earned their graduate degree in English are listed below:
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College Professor (Post-Secondary Teachers)
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Teacher (Elementary, Middle, High School)
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Librarian
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Editor
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Journalist
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Writer
English Salary and Job Outlook
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics post-secondary teachers (college professors) earn a median annual income of $62,050. Median salaries for elementary, middle, and high school teachers are $51,380, $51,960, and $53,230 respectively. Job growth for college professors, elementary and middle school teachers is predicted to grow by 17% between 2010 and 2020 (about equal to the national average); job growth for high school teachers is 7% (below the national average).
The BLS states the median salary for Librarians is $54,500 per year, and the industry growth rate is 7% which is below the national average. On editors earn a median salary of $51,470 in annual wages, this industry is predicted to grow at a rate of 1% from 2010-2020. Journalists who have a bachelor’s degree typically earn median salary of $36,000 annually; this industry is expected to decline at a rate of 6% between 2010 and 2020. The BLS states the average annual salary for a writer is $55,420 and the job growth for this profession is expected to increase at a rate of 6% between 2010 and 2020.
The graph below charts the average annual salaries for each of the professions described above:

Data according to
http://www.bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and-library/high-school-teachers.htm
http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Education-Training-and-Library/Kindergarten-and-elementary-school-teachers.htm
http://www.bls.gov/ooh/education-training-and-library/middle-school-teachers.htm
http://www.bls.gov/ooh/Education-Training-and-Library/Librarians.htm
http://www.bls.gov/ooh/media-and-communication/editors.htm
http://www.bls.gov/ooh/media-and-communication/reporters-correspondents-and-broadcast-news-analysts.htm
http://www.bls.gov/ooh/media-and-communication/writers-and-authors.htm